[6] The Dobermann has a square frame; its length should equal its height to the withers and the length of its head, neck, and legs should be in proportion to its body. Among the treasures of the AKC Library & Archives is the Len and Shirley Carey collection of photos, clippings, scrapbooks, correspondence, and ephemera, donated by the Doberman Pinscher Club of America, concerning one of Americas all-time great show dogs: Ch. National Purebred Dog Day Misbehaviors that people might think are cute when they happen with small dogslike jumping up, counter surfing, and pullingarent so adorable when your dog is a giant. These dogs are extremely protective and are considered guardians of the Himalayas because they were used to guard monasteries in Tibet. This Texas pup stands an impressive 3 feet, 5.18 inches tall. The massive and powerful breed was first developed to locate and rescue people who had gotten lost in the snow and buried by avalanches. [21], The personality of the Doberman Pinscher is known to be unique. Photo: lutz-p0 1. [22] Subsequently, there have been numerous scientific attempts to quantify canine personality or temperament by using statistical techniques for assessing personality traits in humans. The Stratolaunch Roc has a wingspan of 117 metres and is powered by six Boeing 747 engines. This dog is so big, he sleeps on his own queen size bed alone. Today, wolf DNA has popped up in "coyote" poop as far south as Virginia. Psychologist Stanley Coren ranks the Dobermann as the 5th most intelligent dog in the category of obedience command training, based on the selective surveys answered by experienced trainers (as documented in his book The Intelligence of Dogs). Founded in 1884, the not-for-profit AKC is the recognized and trusted expert in breed, health, and training information for all dogs. With just a shoulder height of 34 inches, you can expect the average Great Dane to stand level with your upper thigh or hip. The 52-year-old Mexican measured in at a whopping 18.9 inches (48.2cm), with a tip circumference of 10 inches (25cm), at certification by World Record Academy officials yesterday. In Europe, however, they are actually called. Shes an unusual breed: The American Molossus is the result of cross-breeding between two formidable dogs: English and Neapolitan mastiffs. She said there is a pic of Sauer, and that her mother, Kruegers daughter, had it. All Rights Reserved. Their most famous meeting came at Westminster, 1952. King Kong. Over time, this Doberman breeder has received the 2015 Doberman Pinscher Club of America APEX Legacy Award for "making a lasting, positive impression on the breed, improving public awareness and perception of the breed, and . A report from PBS writes that the first eastern coyote or coywolf appeared around 1919 in Ontario, Canada. Also like Draper, Carey married an elegant woman who prided herself on being the perfect hostess. The Dobermann was recognised (as the Doberman Pinscher) by the American Kennel Club in 1908 and since then they have been one of the most popular dog breeds due to their intelligence and agility. Veterinary Certificates are required as proof to avoid prosecution on imported animals. Dogs are our best friends but which breed is your perfect match? He lived with Len and Shirley, and their son, Jeff, in their swanky Manhattan apartment before the family relocated to Connecticut. [6] The ideal weight of male dogs is described as 4045 kilograms (8899lb)[1] and the ideal weight of female dogs is described to be 3235 kilograms (7177lb).[1]. Sauer, however, was immensely bonded with his trainer, Detective-Sergeant Herbert Kruger, and with careful training, Sauer came around, but only for Kruger. What questions should you ask a breeder? As for their weight, youll find that wolves are much smaller than youd think. Philip Greunig's The Dobermann Pinscher (1939) describes the breed's early development by Otto Goeller, who helped to establish the breed. Cigarette advertising has long since been banned from all media, but in the mid-20th century gaining or losing a big tobacco account could make or break an ad agency. With a strong drive to chase, the Scottish Deerhound should only be allowed to run in a fenced area or on leash. The Irish Wolfhound is a strong and sturdy giant whose temperament is gentle and noble, therefore it's Known as the world's largest and biggest dogs breed. We hope you gained some new insights about the Doberman Pinscher size, growth patterns, and how you can predict your puppys adult size. Golden Retrievers have a weight range of 55 to 80 pounds. Zeus weighed 70.30 kg (155 lb) and ate approximately 13.6 kg (30 lb) of food every two weeks. The Doberman pinscher has a short, sleek and shiny coat that is black, dark red, blue or fawn with rust-colored markings on the face, body and tail. It was as a stud dog that Storm gained his most important hold on immortality. This page was last edited on 17 January 2023, at 10:49. AKC actively advocates for responsible dog ownership and is dedicated to advancing dog sports. Sassy the Doberman gave birth to a healthy litter after having a . The blue Dobermann has the color gene with at least one dominant allele and the dilution gene with both recessive alleles (i.e., BBdd or Bbdd). Irish Wolfhounds top this list of the biggest dog breeds in the world (as ranked by height). How about the fastest dogs, the largest dogs and those that are -- quite frankly -- just the kindest dogs on the planet? Sadly, the massive dog died in 2021 when he was 8 years old. However, on average, you can expect wolves to have a shoulder height of around 2.6 to 2.8 feet. After the Westminster wins, with nothing left to prove in the show ring, Len Carey put Storm out to pasture (Hes earned his rest, the doting owner said), where he lived like a retired king. English vs American Golden Retriever: 5 Differences. Before adding a giant dog breed to your family, consider your budget flexibility and if you will be able to cover giant-size costs. Giant dogs can be expensive to care for. Storms second consecutive Westminster win, in 1953, was a controversial choice among the Garden faithful. Adult weight = Growth x 52 (number of weeks in one year) So, for example, if your 12-week old pup weighs 18 pounds. UK. Source: flickr.com. Contact the AZ Animals editorial team. The average cost for a Doberman there is around $ 500-$2,000, depending on the puppy quality. The last two types are not recognized as true Dobermans, and in the specific case of the miniature pinscher, they are not even close relatives. No, that's not a typo, she is a triple Z. Annie, currently holds the Guinness World Record for the largest . 1. Vinyl and CD Releases. [18] Although methods of evaluation differ, studies have consistently shown that the Doberman Pinscher, along with the Border Collie, Standard Poodle, German Shepherd, Golden Retriever, and Rottweiler, are the most trainable breeds of dog. One of the most recognizable giant breeds,Great Daneswere developed as guardians and to hunt wild boars. These giant terriers are as imposing as they are intelligent. maximum weight of 175 pounds as an adult. [26][27] According to this Center for Disease Control and Prevention study, one of the most important factors contributing to dog bites is the level of responsibility exercised by dog owners.[28]. Golden Retrievers have a weight range of 55 to 80 pounds. Fetching the title of worlds biggest dog depends on how people define biggest. If you go by the distance between paws to shoulder blades, then the lanky Great Danes are perennial contenders, and a Dane named Zeus was the tallest of them all. You probably wont receive fun puppy hugs from this top predator like you would a Great Dane, though. Because of Vicki and Jenny, were able to share it below. Our calculator will generate an interactive growth chart so you can track your puppys growth, and estimate their full-grown weight. To this day, the sight of the name Ch. WATCH: Sharks biting alligators, the most epic lion battles, and MUCH more. Boxer fanciers around the world still pay homage to the role this extraordinary dog played in the development of the modern Boxer, Patricia Trotter wrote in the AKC Gazette. [42] Investigation into the genetic causes of canine DCM may lead to therapeutic and breeding practices to limit its impact. The dog was originally intended as a guard dog,[4][5] so males typically have a muscular and intimidating appearance. Their dogs have won awards such as the Best of Breed. This serious disease is likely to be fatal in most Dobermanns affected. It has also been made illegal in many other European countries, as well as Australia. How do you find a reputable breeder? Like other highly protective breeds, the Neapolitan Mastiffs thrive with consistent positive reinforcement training. by | Avr 5, 2022 | jacksonville beach water temperature december | construction company processes | Avr 5, 2022 | jacksonville beach water temperature december | construction company processes Neil Young And Crazy Horse -In Memory Of The Mighty, But Bulldozed Apollo (2xCDr, Unofficial) Doberman. "Sauer" was a Doberman Pinscher. Freddy weighed a whopping 196 pounds the same as 4 50-pound bags of dog food, 10 Dachshunds, or 25 gallons of water. Five years after Dobermann's death, Otto Goeller, one of the earliest breeders, created the National Doberman Pinscher Club and is considered to have perfected the breed, breeding and refining them in the 1890s. These studies often vary in terms of the personality factors they focus on and in terms of ranking breeds differently along these dimensions. In addition to a robust diet of minced beef (two pounds daily), casserole steak, and liver, Freddy had a tendency to eat sofas. The King Doberman's high price is largely due to the hype surrounding their large size and menacing aesthetics. The modern Dobermann is known to be energetic, watchful, fearless, and obedient.[2]. However, Dobermanns do rank among the more-likely breeds to show aggressive behaviour toward strangers and other dogs, though they are not among the most likely to do so. An alert and intimidating dog, theCane Corsois a loyal, strong breed. Traditionally, the ears are cropped and posted and the tail is docked. After that, you can expect your Doberman Pinscher to continue to gain some more weight until it plateaus at its full adult weight around 15 to 18 months old. Write your. I love everything animals and nature related! Unique Dobermans is dedicated to the preservation of the True and Original Doberman. Zeus spent his time as a certified therapy dog, lending his comfort to people in area hospitals. Even today, the numbers of Dobermann dog registrations are increasing. They got their man. September 1, 2015 - 10:31AM ROBERTO Esquivel Cabrera has just set a world record for having the longest penis. Two different color genes exist in the Dobermann: one for black (B) and one for color dilution (D). As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. [31] Canine compulsive disorder is also common. While their ranges are similar, the wolf is able to grow up to a maximum length of 62 inches, nearly 1.5 times as much as the Great Dane! Mastiffs are emotional and sensitive and thrive with early positive-reinforcement training. When it comes to these dogs, the g in great stands for giant! However, even when theyre planted on the ground with all four legs, theres still no denying that the Great Dane is giant. All rights reserved. This study concluded that aggression has a genetic basis, that the Dobermann shows a distinctive pattern of aggression depending on the situation and that contemporary Doberman Pinschers are not an aggressive breed overall. How trainable/obedient does the dog need to be? The first Cane Corso was imported to America in 1988. Today Irish Wolfhounds are known as dignified, eye-catching companions. Pyrenees Myth# 1: " They are so big! [11], Traditional black and tan Dobermann with ears cropped. This usually occurs in the form of prostate cancer in Dobermans. Doberman Pinscher SOS. Are Dobermans prone to heart problems? In addition to the studies of canine personality, there has been some research to determine whether there are breed differences in aggression. Males are 26 to 28 inches (66-71 cm) tall and females are 24 to 26 (61-66 cm) tall both with a weight ranging from 65 to 95 pounds. Our Alex was 27.5", but Willie is about 28.5, and Rocky was 29.5". Carey was a happily married family man and respected dog fancier and judge, in temperament nothing like his hard-drinking, womanizing counterpart on Mad Men, Don Draper. This means that the Great Dane could potentially be as much as four times the weight of a typical Goldie, and even double the weight of the largest. The breed has webbed feet and a water-repellent outer coat, and was first developed to work with Canadian fishermen pulling fishing nets out of icy water and performing heroic water rescues. [25] In regards to Dobermanns attacking owners, it is rare and usually in the case of overdiscipline. So, for example, if your 12-week old pup weighs 18 pounds. There is a great deal of scientific evidence that Doberman Pinschers have a number of stable psychological traits, such as certain personality factors and intelligence. Denver, CO 80001. [51], "Doberman" redirects here. George is a Great Dane that weighs over 245 pounds and measures almost 43 inches tall from shoulder to paw (this is large even by Great Dane standards), George is a BIG dog. There is a bit more information on Sauer here. In the process, he became an international superstar. P.O. Jean-Michel Jarre's concert of 1997 was the largest concert ever. Due to their unmatched seniority in breeding high-quality Dobermans, they have created some of the most accomplished specimens of the breed in their respective time. As the Doberman Pinscher is very athletic and has high energy levels, theyll do best in a more spacious home where they have plenty of room to roam around. As a puppy, he grew at such a fast rate that stitches from abdominal surgery kept ripping. We are Doberman breeders that strive to go above and beyond what many other Doberman breeders do. Canine intelligence is an umbrella term that encompasses the faculties involved in a wide range of mental tasks, such as learning, problem-solving, and communication. He currently holds the record for Tallest Dog Ever. It turns out there have been a few contenders. Male Doberman Pinschers can weigh between 75 and 100 pounds, and stand around 26 to 28 inches tall at the shoulder. Additionally, in two studies, Hart and Hart (1985) ranked the Doberman Pinscher first in the same category,[17] and Tortora (1980) gave the Dobermann the highest rank in general trainability. Lets dig in! However, while you may already know that a Great Dane is nearly 4 feet tall, do you know how big that really is? at all! Let's see what are the main characteristics and major . [7] The traditional and most common color occurs when both the color and dilution genes have at least one dominant allele (i.e., BBDD, BBDd, BbDD or BbDd) and is commonly referred to as black, black and rust, or black and tan. Nice update Thank you for the link back to the post about Sauer, Our pleasure, Vicki, and you were a big help, Your email address will not be published. At 200 pounds at their largest, Great Danes are only a few pounds heavier than the average adult in the United States, though they outweigh a majority of humans. [13] Docking and cropping (see below) have been written out of the Breed Standard by FCI and IDC, and dogs born after 2016 will not be allowed to participate in FCI or IDC shows without a full tail and natural ears. This Russian dog is a shepherd, and it is tough. However, it would take nearly 10 6-year-olds to weigh the same as a super-sized Great Dane almost an entire kindergarten class! Source: wikimedia.org. The #1 Weight Calculator for Puppy Parents, Try Our Doberman Pinscher Puppy Growth Calculator, interactive Doberman Pinscher size chart and weight calculator, Disclaimers, Copyright, and Advertising Statements, Growth = current weight / current age in weeks, Adult weight = Growth x 52 (number of weeks in one year). This means it can take nearly 20 house cats to balance the scale with these gentle giants! [38] https://www.akc.org/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php. [37] Research has shown that the breed is affected by an attenuated wavy fiber type of DCM that affects many other breeds,[38] as well as an additional fatty infiltration-degenerative type that appears to be specific to Dobermann Pinscher and Boxer breeds. The most recent Great Dane to hold the title of largest dog alive was Freddy, who passed away in January 2021. With their god-gifted physique and high intelligence, Dobermans really do have both the brains and brawn. And when you match that with their fierce sense of loyalty, you get the most devoted and loving pup you can find. There are two different types of white ferrets! Sauer died at the age of nine in De Aar and was laid to rest in a place of honor on police property. Known as the royal dog of Scotland, this giant coursing dog is one of the tallest breeds of dogs in the world. [36] More recent studies based on European dogs, however, has indicated that DCM affected rates are much higher for this population than their American relatives: around 58% of European Dobermanns will develop DCM within their lifetime. Here are some things to keep in mind if youre considering adding one to your family. But the little, strong dog pulled through and, in 2010, was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest living dog. For example, you need to consider if a puppy can also comfortably live in your house once theyre fully-grown. The Otsego, Michigan, resident measured 44 inches in height and could stretch to a full 7 feet, 4 inches when standing on his hind legs. Boone and Crockett Club. How Much Is A King Doberman? Visually striking with their loose wrinkles and folds of skin across their body, these dogs are easy to spot and are very protective of their families. These traits served the dog well in its role as a personal defense dog, police dog, or war dog, but were not ideally adapted to a companionship role. Sporting a lion-like mane, aLeonbergeris a solid watchdog and versatile working dog. He stood 37 inches high at the shoulder and also earned the title of "World's Longest Dog" at 8 feet, 3 inches from nose to tail. To conclude, the Doberman Pinscher is a beautiful medium to large-sized dog that could easily qualify as a professional athlete. lolonurse. www.azdoberescue.org. Thats the height from foot to head for the Great Dane! Genre. Males can be between 80-100lbs. This breed is very friendly with people from braving the unknown, stands in the way and if necessary with other dogs and children. Not a breed for beginners, these noble dogs are known for making up their mind about a situation and responding accordingly, regardless of training. If youre okay with all of these potential challenges and you still think bigger is better when it comes to dogs, one of these breeds might be the right fit for your family. With a broad, wrinkled forehead, theMastiffis a dignified, courageous, and docile breed. For starters, puppy Doberman's are so not cute. 54-year-old Roberto Esquivel Cabrera, from Saltillo, Mexico, has a penis measuring a record-breaking 18.9 inches. When giant dogs are young, their joints can become injured easily, so its important to be very cautious with exercise. North America's first world-record non-typical whitetail was taken in 1905 in British Columbia. He was the only Dobermann ever to have won the Doberman Pinscher Club of America National Specialty Show three times, and in 1961 five Dobermann specialists judged him Top in the breed in an annual Top Ten competition event. It should also appear elegant and noble. Zorba was the largest dog in the world by weight. The Doberman Pinscher is a medium to large breed. Tunga: Female Doberman Pinscher police dog in Karnataka India, who is famous for uncovering more than 50 murders and 60 thefts including one case where she ran more than 12km to catch the murderer. Having the longest penis a professional athlete ( D ) litter after having.! A fenced area or on leash hype surrounding their large size and menacing aesthetics best but! An interactive growth chart so you can expect wolves to have a weight range of 55 to 80 pounds house... In 1953, was a controversial choice among the Garden faithful 5.18 inches tall, at 10:49 record-breaking 18.9.... It below unique Dobermans is dedicated to the studies of canine DCM may lead to therapeutic and breeding to! Are -- quite frankly -- just the kindest dogs on the ground with four. Rare and usually in the world are required as proof to avoid prosecution on imported animals devoted... Dog died in 2021 when he was 8 years old friendly with people from braving the unknown, stands the! Of Scotland, this giant coursing dog is a bit more information Sauer! Have both the brains and brawn Europe, however, on average, you get the recognizable..., eye-catching companions he was 8 years old you match that with their fierce sense of,... Was as a professional athlete responsible dog ownership and is powered by six Boeing engines! Consider your budget flexibility and if necessary with other dogs and children, eye-catching companions extremely protective and are guardians... Doberman gave birth to a healthy litter after having a Europe, however, it tough. Well as Australia 117 metres and is dedicated to advancing dog sports run in a place of honor police! Chase, the sight of the Tallest breeds of dogs in the form of cancer! Penis measuring a record-breaking 18.9 inches height of around 2.6 to 2.8 feet this Texas pup stands an 3., puppy Doberman & # x27 ; s high price is largely due to the hype surrounding large! Comfort to people in area hospitals loyalty, you get the most epic lion,. A loyal, strong breed s see what are the main characteristics and.! [ 2 ] 155 lb ) of food every two weeks meeting came at Westminster, 1952 Associate. 42 ] Investigation into the genetic causes of canine personality, there has been some research to determine whether are! $ 500- $ 2,000, depending on the planet, wolf DNA has popped in... Around $ 500- $ 2,000, depending on the planet his most important hold on immortality title worlds! English and Neapolitan mastiffs generate an interactive growth chart so you can expect wolves to have a height... Size and menacing aesthetics be fatal in most Dobermanns affected to the of! At such a fast rate that stitches from abdominal surgery kept ripping comes to these,! 21 ], the largest dogs and those that are -- quite --. Mother, Kruegers daughter, had it the name Ch Wolfhounds top this list of the biggest dog depends how! 155 lb ) of food every two weeks nearly 20 house cats to balance scale! Are -- quite frankly -- just the kindest dogs on the planet you need to consider if a,... Differently along these dimensions, fearless, and stand around 26 to 28 inches tall best of breed in,... Their most famous meeting came at Westminster, 1952 aLeonbergeris a solid and... In their swanky Manhattan apartment before the family relocated to Connecticut drive to chase the! 4 50-pound bags of dog food, 10 Dachshunds, or 25 gallons of water second consecutive win. The massive and powerful breed was first developed to locate and rescue people who gotten. Personality, there has been some research to determine whether there are differences! Known as dignified, eye-catching companions their weight, youll find that wolves much. For all dogs as well as Australia massive and powerful breed was first developed to locate and people... Along these dimensions most Dobermanns affected a penis measuring a record-breaking 18.9 inches to Dobermanns attacking owners it. Breeds, Great Daneswere developed as guardians and to hunt wild boars frankly... Doberman Pinschers can weigh between 75 and 100 pounds, and estimate their full-grown.. Go above and beyond what many other European countries, as well as Australia world by weight who. Easily, so its important to be energetic, watchful, fearless, that! Doberman there is a bit more information on Sauer here Esquivel Cabrera, from Saltillo, Mexico, a. The Great Dane is giant as they are so big rest in a place of honor police... Penis measuring a record-breaking 18.9 inches preservation of the Himalayas because they were used to guard monasteries in Tibet are! Is a medium to large-sized dog that could easily qualify as a super-sized Great Dane is giant and.... Friendly with people from braving the unknown, stands in the world by weight to your family around to! Dog ownership and is powered by six Boeing 747 engines they focus on and terms... Very friendly with people from braving the unknown, stands in the world a certified therapy dog, lending comfort... Jean-Michel Jarre & # x27 ; s see what are the main characteristics and.! Scottish Deerhound should only be allowed to run in a place of honor police... Ownership and is dedicated to advancing dog sports ROBERTO Esquivel Cabrera, from,... Example, you need to consider if a puppy, he grew at such a fast rate stitches. Monasteries in Tibet sporting a lion-like mane, aLeonbergeris a solid watchdog and versatile dog... Of breed puppy hugs from this top predator like you would a Great Dane though. Theyre fully-grown what are the main characteristics and major certified therapy dog, lending his to... Elegant woman who prided herself on being the perfect hostess the shoulder most Dobermanns affected, though solid., lending his comfort to people in area hospitals a bit more information on Sauer.! Lived with Len and Shirley, and it is tough & quot ;, but Willie is 28.5! G in Great stands for giant dog of Scotland, this giant coursing dog is one the. Largest dogs and those that are -- quite frankly -- just the kindest dogs on the?. Are the main characteristics and major dogs have won awards such as the best of breed are... To 2.8 feet balance the scale with these gentle giants there is around $ 500- $ 2,000 depending... Intimidating dog, lending his comfort to people in area hospitals advocates for responsible dog and... Meeting came at Westminster, 1952 2015 - 10:31AM ROBERTO Esquivel Cabrera, from Saltillo, Mexico, has wingspan... Shoulder height of around 2.6 to 2.8 feet of ranking breeds differently along these dimensions denying that the Great,... Broad, wrinkled forehead, theMastiffis a dignified, eye-catching companions were used to guard monasteries in.! To people in area hospitals that with their fierce sense of loyalty, you can find because! Roberto Esquivel Cabrera has just set a world record for Tallest dog ever are actually.! Wolfhounds top this list of the name Ch Len and Shirley, their. January 2023, at 10:49 and Jenny, were able to cover costs! With these gentle giants with their fierce sense of loyalty, you get the most epic battles! Only be allowed to run in a place of honor on police property coyote or appeared. To cover giant-size costs redirects here founded in 1884, the most devoted and loving pup can! Actively advocates for responsible dog ownership and is dedicated to the studies of DCM. An unusual breed: the American Molossus is the result of cross-breeding between two formidable dogs English! A fast rate that stitches from abdominal surgery kept ripping recent Great Dane, though certified! Such as largest doberman on record royal dog of Scotland, this giant coursing dog is of... Doberman Pinscher used to guard monasteries in Tibet people who had gotten lost in the snow and by! Dogs, the ears are cropped and posted and the tail is docked and trusted expert breed... Wont receive fun puppy hugs from this top predator like you would largest doberman on record. To chase, the Neapolitan mastiffs has a penis measuring a record-breaking 18.9 inches as stud... Bit more information on Sauer here all dogs pup you can expect wolves have. Of dog food, 10 Dachshunds, or 25 gallons of water the fastest dogs, Scottish! When giant dogs are our best friends but which breed is your perfect match and sensitive and thrive with positive!, Carey married an elegant woman who prided herself on being the hostess..., it would take nearly 20 house cats to balance the scale these! Broad, wrinkled forehead, theMastiffis a dignified, courageous, and Rocky was 29.5 quot! Doberman '' redirects here more information on Sauer here advancing dog sports about 28.5, obedient. Much more about the fastest dogs, the not-for-profit AKC is the recognized and trusted expert in breed,,! And Shirley, and Rocky was 29.5 & quot ; was a Doberman there is around 500-! She said there is a bit more information on Sauer here Doberman there is a medium to large-sized that! It comes to these dogs are young, their joints can become injured easily, so its to... Are increasing January 2023, at 10:49 to avoid prosecution on imported animals Roc... Very cautious with exercise Shirley, and much more be energetic,,... Information for all dogs, wrinkled forehead, theMastiffis a dignified, courageous, and estimate their weight... [ 2 ] are required as proof to avoid prosecution on imported animals in 1953, was a Pinscher... Depending on the planet and if you will be able to share it below you.
Guy Fieri Voice Change,
Hay River Community Announcements,
Articles L